The central message permeating the writing is that the rigidity of truth on which the conceptual model of democracy is built is a problem since any system needs to acknowledge the malleability of the underlying [...]
In deontology, the outcomes and consequences may not justify the means to achieve a goal, while in consequentialism, the results determine the means, and significant benefit is expected for the greatest possible number of people.
The proverb "a stitch in time saves nine" is strongly tied to the notion of effective time management. The larger picture of this instance is that a little management may go a long way toward [...]
In the Myth of Sisyphus, Camus summarizes the concept of the absurd and the realization of its existence as the encounter with the reality that the world is irrational.
God's intervention in history means for most biblical authors that the will of God ultimately determines the course of events, and human freedom is manifested in the fact that he either accepts this will of [...]
He gave up his riches to pursue intelligence, ultimately noting that "the fountain of wisdom is the exact metaphysics of the intellectual and angelic forms and the stream of knowledge is the most steadfast philosophy [...]
He claims that the government's power is based more on the influence that the majority possesses rather than on the desire to act legitimately and fairly, which makes it overall unreliable as a source of [...]
Plato establishes what education is worth for both the individual and the state in The Republic, emphasizing the crucial function of those who select the materials to educate the state's future guardians.
The rise of racist and sexist tendencies due to the lack of affirmative action is doubtful because it is not the only element in the fight against racial and sexual prejudice. However, West is of [...]
Socrates argues that oratory practices that became popular among sophists in Athens pursue convincing and persuading rather than speaking the truth."And the same will be true of the orator and the oratory in relation to [...]
Real justice, according to Nozick, consists in the appropriation of holdings or their original acquisition, their fair and consensual transfer and the protection of the right to their property.
First of all, Plato created the people in the cave captives in order to rhetorically appeal to the audience's emotions and arouse the sensations that already exist in them, which, of course, already produces an [...]
The central problem of On the Genealogy of Morality can be found in the first essay titled Good and Evil, where the skeletal structure of the state-of-the-art of morality is depicted by Nietzsche.
The central theme that unites St. Augustine's principles of pedagogy is that of the dynamic nature of the teacher-student relationship.
The current study refutes materialism and supports Price's notion that there is an embodied and disembodied idea to the existence, a dream analogy of life after death, and a communal idea of the afterlife.
Therefore, in most cases, the product of love, or Eros, is the fulfillment of the need for admiration. The role of self-love in Aristophanes' speech is to inspire people to find lovers that connect to [...]
However, his most prominent contribution is considered to be the formulation of the five arguments proving the existence of God, simply known as "the five ways".
The first one constitutes a belief that there is no free will in nature and that all of the actions are already predetermined.
It is in the balance, according to Aristotle, that the completeness of the human personality lies, and only through balance can a person find true self-satisfaction.
In this book, the author constructs a symbolic city of women and reflects on the misogynistic attacks of men on women. Lady Reason explains to Christine that sometimes men try to keep each other out [...]
As the picaresque novel is based on Leibnitz's philosophy of optimism which suggests the idea of the perfectness of the world and everything in the world, to be more exact, Voltaire introduces ironic ideas concerning [...]
The paradox of the question about free will for humans is also related to the role of God and the impossibility of great philosophers to provide a clear answer.
The idea of humanity forms the second approach to the categorical imperative and it indicates that people should treat each other as ends and not as means to an end.
Various social scientists and religious scholars have given different interpretations for the emergence of the universe and the forms of life in it.
The third one is the idea that God is not that powerful and therefore he has no ability to deal with the problem of evil and suffering.
The story of Malala has shown that freedom is crucial for personal happiness and the ability to live a good life.
Overall, there are similarities and differences in the gods' portrayal in Ovid's and Sophocles' works. In both texts, the deities are respected and revered by mortal people.
From the flow of the story, it is also possible that the young officer is the same boy that was flogged while in school.
The reality is that people expect the worst and have to create plans for such occurrences. Realism is a philosophical branch of thinking that tries to expand the knowledge of people and explain what reality [...]
Overall, the evaluation of the two visions of the problem of the external world, the one by Descartes, and the one by Moore, suggests a conclusion that Moore's concept does not provide satisfactory replies whereas [...]
This is due to the compatibility that exists between freedom and the determination of one's actions. The advantage is that this may prevent a person from contemplating suicide.
The human nature of capitalism is encrusted in the philosophical thinking of the west. Therefore, western philosophy considers the existence of God and capitalism as the main influences on human nature.
The accusations placed against Socrates include: Studying the activities in the heavens and below the earth. Predicting the things in the heavens and below the earth associates him with the physicists such as Thales and [...]
Studying it, obtaining new and new facts, enlarging his knowledge, man started to think not only about the principles of the functioning of the surrounding world, but about the ways his percepts the information and [...]
The chapter reveals that God is imperceptible to the senses of a man, and unconditionally pervades all the reality known to man. Therefore, it is challenging to reconcile the concept of God with evil and [...]
Given the intense rivalry between the two brothers on who to donate the kidney to the ailing dad, and the chilling revelation of their mother on the paternity of the younger brother, it is convenient [...]
This due to the fact that only the aspect of ethics in the Buddhist philosophy can be significantly likened to the Confucian philosophy.
In his book "The Good Society: An Introduction to Comparative Politics" Alan Draper argues that the society has something to strive for to become better than it is. Now the first thing to say is [...]
Importantly, Augustine on the free choice of the will indicated that the mind cannot be forced to be a slave to lust.
They argued that human beings are actors in the world and hence are aware of what is in it unlike the trees and stones that just exist.
The paper will argue that the Augustinian view of sin excuses man from accountability and that the best way for solving such a problem is through adoption of Kant's categorical imperative.
This is the study of value that surpasses the ability of a man to reason over the universe and its state on the whole.
In the work The Scientific Life, Shapin writes: "The scientist was properly to be understood not on the model of the philosopher but on the model of the engineer and technician".
In the closing part of the article, the researcher concludes that absent of self-defense should be compensated by the introduction of the legal conventions justifying killing in war.
Two attitudes toward money involve negative perception of money as universal evil and positive perception of money as source of good life and prosperity.
Perhaps one of the first events which marked the beginning of this change was the publishing of the Kinsey Reports in 1948 and 1953.
Smith, a pioneer of political economy, would be interested in analyzing the current economic situation in the country and, perhaps, even suggest ways for the country to overcome the economic crisis.
Being a man who believed and supported all that the government of Athens stood for, he was not going to be the one to falter from his beliefs and faith in the state and its [...]
It is very difficult to assess the beauty in general. The perception of beauty is the perception of our minds through our tastes.
The enlightenment period also popularly referred to as the age of reason denotes an explosive era in human history stretching from around the year 1600 to the year 1800; a period in which the West [...]
In this novel, the hawk is a symbol of freedom, and the boy, the main character, Will Falke, who is watching the flight of the hawk is watching what this freedom is like and what [...]
Gandhi proposed some principles for the members of the Satyagraha and insisted that these principles must be followed to achieve the desired effect.
While Mill does not use the complicated jargon that is put forth by Kant, nonetheless the notion of good and actions to which we should subscribe are relative points in this complex world.
Another theory that Kant criticized is the view of Baumgarten wherein it states that God is the author and the legislator of all the natural obligations because HE was the one who made the world.
An understanding of the essence of art is inseparable from the understanding the world of human nature and views on society.
I however beg to disagree with this great English poet that this predestination was actually intended to benefit mankind and not Him; it's actually the opposite because the fall was predestined to benefit God and [...]
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals underlines that autonomy acts as the link between the analysis of morality and the moral will and free will.
The author introduces his heroes as individuals: Ahab, on the one part, a brave sailor and a captain, who is always ready to meet any difficulties and reach his goal at any coast and a [...]
Stuart Mill's utilitarianism and Emmanuel Kant's deontology, to answer the question is it acceptable to lie to my friend to spare her feelings if the lie would not cause great harm?
The author makes an assumption that the net result of economic habits is to fund the armed forces of the country because people lend savings to the government.
These are fear of premature death, fear of the idea of death, fear of the dying process, fear of the death of significant others, fear of the unknown, fear of being destroyed, fear of the [...]
The world outside the cave is the logical place; which is reachable to logic but not to insight; the voyage outside of the cave into daylight of the world is the soul's inclination to the [...]
In the chapter entitled "The concept of essence", Marcuse defines the philosophical construct of the essence as the abstraction and isolation of the one true form of existence from a multitude of changing appearances, and [...]
In that period, the epistles of Paul to the Ephesians and the Corinthians and his preaching to the Athenians were all aimed at a Greek audience.
Soon, Oedipus also understands that the prophecy has come true and that he is the source of the curse for the kingdom.
In philosophy, egoism is the theory that one is self is or should be; the motivation of one's action. This divergence can be explained further using the following features of the concept of ethical egoism: [...]
The quest for absolute knowledge is fruitless because not a single person is able to claim with certainty that the specific idea or knowledge is absolute. Knowledge is the result of examination of ideas to [...]
At the same time, the philosopher believed that in order to realize the full potential of humanity and every individual, the practice of alienated labor, as well as private ownership and class division associated with [...]
The philosopher's inquiry into the nature of human morality was closely tied to the examination of how one could live his or her life in the most fulfilling manner.
Berkeley found evident flaws in Locke's "copy theory" and shaped his views into a cohesive philosophy that could hardly be criticized by the thinkers of his time.
The concept shared by the author consists in the statement that human life is irrational: one has to admit that it is senseless and is forced to overcome this knowledge to continue living, working, and [...]
The discussion addresses the query of whether continental philosophy considers that sensible human agency has the potential to alter the setting of people's experience.
The philosophy of empowerment supports dignity and self-worth; as such, value to all people, regardless of their status or race is an important rule of empowerment.
One of the earliest ontological arguments, in defense of the de facto existence of God, is that of Anselm of Canterbury.
For a government to be effective, there must be a set of morals and virtues in place to ensure the people are happy.
In a game of chess the player has to be careful in moving his pieces, you should try and think of the implications of your moves, your opponents' strategies and how to counter them.
The teachings of the old and the wise seemed buried in the annals of yesteryears. This is courage in the truest sense of the word because it leads to many other virtues.
More importantly, I would not want to know when I would die because that would be no kind of life to live.
According to it, the individuals should act in such a way that the maxim of their action could be related to the universal law of morality.
Being a jerk means being disrespectful to the needs of other people, and the opinion of Polemarchus proves that it has nothing to do with justice.
Hume proposes two main concepts in this book: the concept of impressions and the concept of ideas. Surprisingly, this concept of cause and effect closely resembles the modern scientific ideas of cause and effect.
It is the assumption of this paper that Descartes' perspective and the teachings of Buddha on the self are inherently incompatible due to their different perspectives on what constitutes "the self".
Another characteristic of this stage of moral speculation is that the speculators mostly view the dilemma through the lens of consequences it might result in and engage them in a direct or indirect manner.
For example, to Sartre, a prisoner of war is free, existentially, but this freedom does not exist in the physical realm.
On the other hand, dualism denies physicalism, or that the physical facts of human bodies do not determine the composition of human beings.
This is the reason why Clifford states that the ship owner should be condemned on the basis of making a judgment without sufficient evidence In his pragmatism, James sees the truth in terms of usefulness [...]
The neo-Kantian theories seem to present a view that is founded on pessimism in the contemporary world that is marked by the politics of dominance.
Responsibility and accountability are the facets of morals, the consequences of your actions should be borne by you alone and no one must suffer or gain favors in the name of a lie.
A good life and what constitutes it is an omnipresent ideal always bringing into the focus a key question what is the meaning of life.
In the current paper, the author will extrapolate on what Morris is saying and analyze the impacts of the arguments on the workplace.
Instead, it underlined the logical explanations of the world existence as well as attempted to ground the idea of reality processes as the evictions of changing procedures in a never-changing space.
This state of awakening is the highest good that a human being can achieve, and all Buddhists are urged to aspire to achieve it.
To a great extent, they profoundly influenced people's views on the origins of life, the transformation of society and the behavior of an individual within the community. This is one of the main details that [...]
According to Machiavelli, it is the duty of the prince to protect his realm and to further enhance his sovereignty. He asserts that a prince should not be generous when spending the State's wealth as [...]
It is apparent that Nagel's account of sexual perversion and the application of his theory omits masturbation, which is a contentious form of sexual activities.
In this way, the author wants to show that the source of meaning lies within the individual perception of a person.
The fact that there is a long tradition involving the slaughter of animals for food does not justify the killing of animals.
Furthermore, Thrasymachus' interpretation of justice can undermine the efficiency of the state and deprive the elites of their credibility. This is one of the paradoxes that should be recognized, and Thrasymachus does not speak about [...]
Regardless of the extent to which some people are opposed to the applications of moral principles, which should be consistent with the scriptures of God, they are used to produce the best results in communities.
Hume's argument gets interesting when he postulates that regardless of the number of times we witness a succession of events, we cannot predict the succession of events.
Hume disqualifies the existence of miracles, as the Christian religion is weaker and more insubstantial as compared to the evidence that comes with one's experience.
Through this, he learned that it was impossible for him to deny the existence of God. In the chapter, he argues that the lack of God's existence was impracticable.
On the other hand, Hume defines the concept of necessity as the kind of uniformity observed in the unique operations and processes in nature.
Thus, the time travel can lead to the intolerable and even threatening consequences because of influencing the principle of the cause and effect in relation to the past and future, and as a result, the [...]
The theory is the opposite of utilitarianism in the sense that it considers both the means and the end, as opposed to utilitarianism which focuses only on the end.
To establish the reason for the many scientific researches on the origin of the universe, it is prudent to explain the theory all works of science seem to tear apart, The Creationism Theory.
The paradigm of decision-making mentioned above promotes change in my personal and professional life, as it helps identify the effects of a certain step that will be made in the foreseeable future.
From this point, the purpose of this research paper is to evaluate the current debates on the acceptability of using quantitative and qualitative methodologies and to discuss the possibility of creating the effective integrated inquiry [...]
Plato believed that presenting the teachings in the form of dialogues was the best way of documenting the teachings of Socrates for the benefit of the future generations.
Ontology as a name was developed from a Greek word 'onto' which means 'being' or 'that which is.' Ontology is a branch of metaphysics that deals with issues about the existence of entities, and how [...]
While this was a problem to that person, it educated the rest of the people on the dangers of drug use.
This paper contains a description of the proceedings of the trial, explanations of Socrates' unofficial accusations, the official charges against him by Meletus and his corresponding responses, and a discussion of the verdict of his [...]
In the development of curriculum, there has to provision for learners to make use of their experiences and come to the knowledge of things.
The simple version of the theory is that a predicate is true because of the existence of the subject. Therefore once predicate and subject are linked, the statement becomes true without any attempt to rationalize [...]
Many of the fundamental initiatives, which animated the human rights movement, emerged in the after effects of the World War II and the mayhem of the Holocaust, leading to the legitimation of the Universal Declaration [...]
While referring to the ideas of the above-mentioned philosophers of science, it is reasonable to start with the discussion of anti-realists' ideas and their visions of the effectiveness of the 'no miracles' argument because in [...]
This paper will discuss the problem of evil, state the main claims that have been argued by John Mackie and Alvin Plantinga, and show some of the arguments that other scholars have raised with regard [...]
They believed that the best way to ease the pain they felt as a result of the loss was to revenge the death of the Germans.
Consequently, after posing his concern of suicide and life value, he notes that the voluntary death process indicates acknowledgement of the importance of suffering, and the lack of a weighty reason for living.
Religious leaders also pray for the body and the soul of the dead but lay a lot of emphasis on the soul.